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echo - 2 Options
- 3
map - 4 Modal Mapping
- 5 Strict Mapping
- 6 Leaders
- 7 Editing Your Vimrc
- 8 Abbreviations
- 9
- 链接
本文是学习《Learn Vimscript the Hard Way》一文的笔记。 Vimscript 的大多数命令都可以在 VIM 的命令行模式（:）中运行（如:echo "Hello the world!"）
1 echo
echo: 显示文本（在最下面）echom: 显示文本，并保存到:messages中messages: 显示保存的信息": 注释
Exercises
Read :help echo.
Read :help echom.
Read :help :messages.
Add a line to your ~/.vimrc file that displays a friendly ASCII-art cat (>^.^<) whenever you open Vim.
2 Options
2.1 Boolean Options
set <name>, set no<name>: 设置 Boolean 选项如set number和set nonumber
set <name>!: 开启/关闭（Toggle） Boolean 选项。如set number!
set <name>?: 检查选项值。如set number?
2.2 Options with Values
set <name>=<value>: 设置带值的选项。如set numberwidth=10
2.3 Setting Multiple Options at Once
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:set number numberwidth=6
Exercises
Read :help ‘number’ (notice the quotes).
Read :help relativenumber.
Read :help numberwidth.
Read :help wrap.
Read :help shiftround.
Read :help matchtime.
Add a few lines to your ~/.vimrc file to set these options however you like.
3 map
map - dd: 将-映射为dd（即按下-会删除当前行）
map <keyname> <keys>: 使用特殊键。如map <space> viw，map <c-d> dd
map <space> viw " Select word: 这里的注释无效
Exercises
Map the - key to “delete the current line, then paste it below the one we’re on now”. This will let you move lines downward in your file with one keystroke.
Add that mapping command to your ~/.vimrc file so you can use it any time you start Vim.
Figure out how to map the _ key to move the line up instead of down.
Add that mapping to your ~/.vimrc file too.
Try to guess how you might remove a mapping and reset a key to its normal function.
4 Modal Mapping
nmap(Normal MAP): 正常模式下的按键映射
vmap(Visual MAP): Visual模式下的按键映射。如vmap \ U
imap(Insert MAP): 插入模式下的按键映射。如imap <c-d> <esc>ddi
Exercises
Set up a mapping so that you can press
Add that mapping to your ~/.vimrc file.
Set up a mapping so that you can uppercase the current word with
Add that mapping to your ~/.vimrc file.
5 Strict Mapping
5.1 Side Effects
*map的副作用：
- 存在递归风险
- 安装插件时插件按键映射时存在引用的风险。如：
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:nmap - dd :nmap \ -
5.2 Nonrecursive Mapping
每个*map命令都对应一个*noremap(NOt REMAP)命令：noremap, nnoremap, vnoremap, inoremap。建议总是使用*noremap命令
Exercises
Convert all the mappings you added to your ~/.vimrc file in the previous chapters to their nonrecursive counterparts.
Read :help unmap.
6 Leaders
6.1 <leader>
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let mapleader = "-"
nnoremap <leader>d dd
6.2 <localleader>
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let maplocalleader = "\\"
nnoremap <leader>d dd
Exercises
Read :help mapleader.
Read :help maplocalleader.
Set mapleader and maplocalleader in your ~/.vimrc file.
Convert all the mappings you added to your ~/.vimrc file in the previous chapters to be prefixed with
7 Editing Your Vimrc
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" Edit my Vimrc file
nnoremap <leader>ev :vsplit $MYVIMRC<cr>
" Source my Vimrc file
nnoremap <leader>sv :source $MYVIMRC<cr>
Exercises
Add mappings to “edit my ~/.vimrc” and “source my ~/.vimrc” to your ~/.vimrc file.
Try them out a few times, adding dummy mappings each time.
Read :help myvimrc.
8 Abbreviations
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iabbrev adn and
iabbrev waht what
iabbrev tehn then
8.1 Keyword Characters
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set iskeyword?
8.2 More Abbreviations
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iabbrev @@ wsxq2@qq.com
iabbrev ccopy Copyright 2019 wsxq2, all rights reserved.
Exercises
Add abbreviations for some common typos you know you personally make to your ~/.vimrc file. Be sure to use the mappings you created in the last chapter to open and source the file!
Add abbreviations for your own email address, website, and signature as well.
Think of some pieces of text you type very often and add abbreviations for them too.
9
链接
下面总结了本文中使用的所有链接：